Jul 29, 2019 Step 1- Generate the SSH Key Pair. On your client system – the one you’re using to connect to the server – you need to create a pair of key codes. To generate a pair of SSH key codes, enter the commands: This will create a hidden directory to store your SSH keys, and modify the permissions for that directory. Create an SSH key pair. Use the ssh-keygen command to generate SSH public and private key files. By default, these files are created in the /.ssh directory. You can specify a different location, and an optional password (passphrase) to access the private key file. If an SSH key pair with the same name exists in the given location, those files are overwritten.
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To generate a key pair with the PuTTY key generator, simply run puttygen.exe and click the Generate button in the window that appears. You will be asked to move the mouse and press keys to improve the random number generation at the heart of SSH security.
-->With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication, eliminating the need for passwords to sign in. This article shows you how to quickly generate and use an SSH public-private key file pair for Linux VMs. You can complete these steps with the Azure Cloud Shell, a macOS or Linux host, the Windows Subsystem for Linux, and other tools that support OpenSSH.
Note
VMs created using SSH keys are by default configured with passwords disabled, which greatly increases the difficulty of brute-force guessing attacks.
For more background and examples, see Detailed steps to create SSH key pairs.
For additional ways to generate and use SSH keys on a Windows computer, see How to use SSH keys with Windows on Azure.
Supported SSH key formats
Azure currently supports SSH protocol 2 (SSH-2) RSA public-private key pairs with a minimum length of 2048 bits. Other key formats such as ED25519 and ECDSA are not supported.
Create an SSH key pair
Use the
ssh-keygen
command to generate SSH public and private key files. By default, these files are created in the ~/.ssh directory. You can specify a different location, and an optional password (passphrase) to access the private key file. If an SSH key pair with the same name exists in the given location, those files are overwritten.The following command creates an SSH key pair using RSA encryption and a bit length of 4096:
If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with the az vm create command, you can optionally generate SSH public and private key files using the
--generate-ssh-keys
option. The key files are stored in the ~/.ssh directory unless specified otherwise with the --ssh-dest-key-path
option. The --generate-ssh-keys
option will not overwrite existing key files, instead returning an error. In the following command, replace VMname and RGname with your own values:Provide an SSH public key when deploying a VM
To create a Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, specify your SSH public key when creating the VM using the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Azure Resource Manager templates, or other methods:
If you're not familiar with the format of an SSH public key, you can display your public key with the following
cat
command, replacing ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
with the path and filename of your own public key file if needed:A typical public key value looks like this example:
If you copy and paste the contents of the public key file to use in the Azure portal or a Resource Manager template, make sure you don't copy any trailing whitespace. To copy a public key in macOS, you can pipe the public key file to
pbcopy
. Similarly in Linux, you can pipe the public key file to programs such as xclip
.The public key that you place on your Linux VM in Azure is by default stored in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub, unless you specified a different location when you created the key pair. To use the Azure CLI 2.0 to create your VM with an existing public key, specify the value and optionally the location of this public key using the az vm create command with the
--ssh-key-values
option. In the following command, replace VMname, RGname, and keyFile with your own values:Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu Command List
If you want to use multiple SSH keys with your VM, you can enter them in a space-separated list, like this
--ssh-key-values sshkey-desktop.pub sshkey-laptop.pub
.SSH into your VM
With the public key deployed on your Azure VM, and the private key on your local system, SSH into your VM using the IP address or DNS name of your VM. In the following command, replace azureuser and myvm.westus.cloudapp.azure.com with the administrator user name and the fully qualified domain name (or IP address):
If you specified a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter that passphrase when prompted during the login process. The VM is added to your ~/.ssh/known_hosts file, and you won't be asked to connect again until either the public key on your Azure VM changes or the server name is removed from ~/.ssh/known_hosts. Windows 8 pro key generator free.rar.
If the VM is using the just-in-time access policy, you need to request access before you can connect to the VM. For more information about the just-in-time policy, see Manage virtual machine access using the just in time policy.
Next steps
![Ssh Ssh](https://www.ssh.com/s/ssh-keygen-user-key-728x467-BMs00tMu.png)
- For more information on working with SSH key pairs, see Detailed steps to create and manage SSH key pairs.
- If you have difficulties with SSH connections to Azure VMs, see Troubleshoot SSH connections to an Azure Linux VM.
There are many reasons you might want to create a key pair on Linux, more specifically on Ubuntu.
For more information about key pairs, see this.
If your server is an Amazon EC2 Server Instance, you might want to look at more specific information here
Key pairs are just one way to log into a system. (Perhaps the one you currently use is regular username and password ssh login). Key pairs are generally more secure than password logging in.
One thing you have to keep in mind is that using key pairs is a two-way method: you'll need to create a private key and a public-key.
Personally, I use them so I can use git remotely. Another very common use of public/private key pairs is when you want to, for example,
scp
a file from your local server into a remote server without needing to type the ssh password lots of times. Another good reason to use this is to disable anyone from logging into your server, which reduces the chance someone will break into your server.(I'm not an expert on security so do you own research before securing your web server, as it's a very important step.)Ok so let's start: Ubuntu has a very handy way to accomplish this:
Create yourself a
.ssh
directory if you don't already have one.Generate Ssh Key Ubuntu Command Download
Then type this command to create the key per se:
Generate Ssh Key Cmd
(you'll be prompted for a passphrase. It adds another layer of security still. You can choose one or leave it blank.)
cd to your home folder to check the key has been created:
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You should see two files:
id_rsa
and id_rsa.pub
.Now you'll need to transfer the public key (the
.pub
file) to your remote server. Again, Ubuntu has a simple command to do this:Ssh Keygen Ubuntu
If the last step was successful, you should be able to log into your server with no password (only from this machine, of course!. Ubuntu will use the private key wev'e just created to authenticate.)
et voilà
troubleshooting: if a command isn't working, try issuing that command again with sudo.
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see also: official ubuntu docs